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-->General information about the trial
- Serology
- Lung scoring at the slaughter house
-->Result
-->Conclusion
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COGLAPIX® - ECONOMIC BENEFIT STUDY VERSUS AN ANTIBIOTIC IN THE CONTROL OF A.P
(Pleuropneumonia due to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, or APP)
By PHẠM Châu Giang, Swine Technical Rep. - CEVA Animal Health Vietnam
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WHY HAVE TO CONTROL A.P.?
A.p. (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, or APP) is a Gram negative bacterium, usually cause the illness and death in fattening pigs. Infected pigs have dyspnea, abdominal breathing, the mortality is high in case of outbreak. The dead usually happen with blood exudate from the nose, abcessus and necrosis of the lung.
Image 1Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
The loss due to A.p. is very high. The mortality can reach 15% in an outbreak (R. Krejci, 2010). In chronical case, the ADG (average daily gain) is reduced 84g, FCR (feed conversion ratio) is increased, the slaughter day can be prolonged 6 days more (Rohrbach, 1993).
Image 2 Dead pig due to A.p.
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GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRIAL
The trial was done in a 3.000-sows farrow-to-finish farm by Prof. Trần Thị Dân and colleagues, Nông Lâm University, Hochiminh city, from December 2010 to May 2011. This farm has been experienced outbreaks of A.p. and the chronic situation is happen in time of trial.
The objective of this trial: to compare the economical benefit, in a weaning to finish operation contaminated by A.p., of the vaccination with COGLAPIX® versus two groups without vaccination (one using a specific antibiotic prevention against A.p., the other one not).
Image 3 Vaccine Coglapix®
This trial was presented in IPVS in May 2012, Jeju, Korea.
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MATERIAL AND METHOD
BEFORE THE TRIAL
Serology
The serum samples of 25 sows and 60 pigs were collected. The method used in the trial is ELISA (ELISA ID Vet@ APP screening 1-12).
Table 1 Results of serology
The result in Table 1 showed that a percentage of positive antibody against A.p. is high. This farm didn’t use any A.p. vaccine prior to the trial, so the antibody is derived from the A.p. in the field. For this reason, we could conlude that A.p. is present in this farm.
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Lung scoring at the slaughter house
Image 4 Lung scoring at the slaughter house
92 lungs of slaughtered pigs are randomly chosen to evaluate at the slaughter house.
Table 2 Results of lung scoring at the slaughterhouse
The result in Table 2 showed that the A.p.–related pleurisy ratio is 25%. The APPI index of this batch is also high (APPI = 0.85).
In general, A.p. is in chronical form in this selected farm. However, this bacterium influences the performance of the farm. That’s why it’s necessary to apply the reasonable controllable measures to improve the performance of the farm. In particular, it needs to compare the efficacy between the vaccination and the antibiotic.
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GROUPING IN THE TRIAL
The weaned pigs are devided into 3 groups:
- Group 1 (Vaccine): 240 piglets, is vaccinated with a toxoid vaccine, Coglapix@, at 8 and 12 weeks of age.
- Group 2 (Antibiotic): 240 piglets, receives an specific antibiotic program, Tilmicosin (200ppm), in the diet within 3 weeks, at 6 weeks and 3 months of age.
- Group 3 (Control): 40 piglets, receive neither vaccine nor specific antibitotic.
All 3 groups are raised in the same house with the common feed at Vietnam (feed is mixed with CTC (400ppm) and Colistin (100ppm)).
Image 5 Farm in the trial
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RESULT
The performance of the Vaccine and Antibiotic group are similar. Moreover, the ADG of these 2 groups is higher and the FCR is lower than the Control group (Figure 1 & 2).
Figure 1 Average Daily Gain from 56 to 183 days of age
Figure 2 Feed Conversion Ratio from 56 to 183 days of age
The results of the lung scoring at the slaughter house showed that the A.p.-related lesions of the Vaccine group has been significantly reduced versus the Antibiotic and Control group (Figure 3).
Figure 3 The A.p.–related pleurisy ratio
As the economic impact, the Vaccine group gains 2.321.264 VND of profit in each fattening pig, like as the Table 3.
Table 3 The cost and profit in each group
Therefore the group that applies the vaccination with Coglapix®, has the profit of 11% more than the group use the Tilmicosin and of 20% more than the Control group (Figure 4).
Figure 4 Average profit in each pig
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CONCLUSION
The Vaccine group (with Coglapix®) and Antibiotic group have the higher performance and more profit than the Control group. Although the similar performance, the economic impact given by the Vaccine group is more improved than the Antibiotic group. Today, in the effort to reduce the use of antibiotic in feed, the vaccination shows that this measure is an efficient solution to control A.p.
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